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window of tolerance
Nervous System & Regulation

Understanding the Window of Tolerance: Stress, Trauma and Emotional Regulation

Have you ever wondered why you can cope with a stressful situation one day, yet feel completely overwhelmed by something relatively minor the next? Perhaps you become anxious, irritable or emotional, or find yourself withdrawing and feeling disconnected from everything around you. The Window of Tolerance helps us understand these experiences and how our nervous system responds to stress, trauma

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EMDR Therapy

EMDR vs Talking Therapy: What’s the Difference?

If you are considering therapy, you may be wondering whether EMDR or talking therapy would be more helpful. Both involve working with a therapist, but the experience of the two can feel quite different. Talking therapy generally gives you space to explore your thoughts, emotions, relationships and experiences through conversation. EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitisation and Reprocessing) is a more structured

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post traumatic stress disorder
Trauma & Recovery

Complex PTSD (CPTSD): Symptoms, Causes and Treatment

Complex post-traumatic stress disorder (CPTSD) can develop following prolonged or repeated experiences of trauma, particularly where escaping the situation was difficult or impossible. Although CPTSD shares many features with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), it can also affect how someone manages emotions, sees themselves and relates to other people. For some people, the effects of complex trauma can continue long after

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Trauma & Recovery

PTSD: Symptoms, Causes and Treatment

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) can develop after experiencing or witnessing something extremely frightening, distressing or threatening. Although it is associated with events such as war and serious accidents, PTSD can follow many different experiences, including assault, abuse, medical emergencies, traumatic childbirth or the sudden loss of someone in traumatic circumstances. Not everyone who experiences trauma develops PTSD. It is common

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EMDR Therapy

EMDR Myths and Misconceptions: What You Should Know

EMDR can sound unusual when you first hear about it. Moving your eyes from side to side while thinking about a difficult memory is probably not what most people imagine when they think of therapy. Understandably, this has led to plenty of myths about what EMDR is, what happens during treatment and what it can achieve. Eye Movement Desensitisation and

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EMDR Therapy

Can EMDR Make Things Worse? Understanding Increased Distress

If you are considering EMDR, you may worry that opening up painful experiences will leave you feeling worse. Perhaps you have already started therapy and noticed that things feel harder between appointments. EMDR can temporarily increase distress, and some people experience a more significant worsening of symptoms. Any deterioration deserves attention. You should never feel that you have to keep

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EMDR Therapy

Does EMDR Really Work

If you’re considering EMDR therapy, it’s reasonable to ask whether it actually works. The short answer is yes, EMDR can help, particularly with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). But it isn’t a guaranteed result, and your experience will depend on what you’re dealing with and how the therapy is paced. What does the evidence say? EMDR is an established treatment for

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general anxiety disorder
EMDR Therapy

EMDR Therapy for Anxiety

Anxiety can make everyday life feel harder than it needs to. You might replay conversations, expect something to go wrong or feel tense in situations that other people seem to take in their stride. Perhaps you know you are safe, but your body reacts as though you are not. If your anxiety is connected to something you have experienced, EMDR

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carl rogers person centered counselling
Person-Centred Counselling

Congruence in Person-Centred Counselling: What It Means in Practice

Congruence is one of the three core conditions in person-centred counselling, alongside empathy and unconditional positive regard. Carl Rogers used the term to describe a counsellor who is genuine in the therapeutic relationship: aware of their own experience and able to respond without hiding behind a professional façade. For counselling students, the tricky part is understanding what genuine means in

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carl rogers person centered counselling
Person-Centred Counselling

The Role of the Counsellor in the Person-Centred Approach

What does a person-centred counsellor actually do? For counselling students, the answer can be confusing. The approach is non-directive, yet the counsellor’s role involves far more than sitting quietly and listening. In person-centred counselling, the counsellor works to build a relationship in which the client can explore their experiences without feeling judged or pushed towards a particular answer. Rather than

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carl rogers person centered counselling
Person-Centred Counselling

Common Misunderstandings of the Person-Centred Approach

The person-centred approach (PCA) is sometimes described as “just listening” or “being nice”. These descriptions miss the skill involved. Carl Rogers developed an approach in which the counsellor’s relationship with the client is central to therapeutic change. For counselling students, it helps to look beyond familiar labels and consider what the approach asks of the counsellor in practice. The counsellor

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carl rogers person centered counselling
Person-Centred Counselling

Benefits of Person-Centred Therapy

Person-centred counselling is based on the belief that people have an inherent capacity for growth when they experience the right relational conditions. Rather than directing the client, interpreting their experiences or prescribing solutions, the counsellor provides a therapeutic relationship characterised by empathy, congruence and unconditional positive regard. For counselling students, understanding the benefits of person-centred counselling involves more than memorising

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